Other in the field of ENT
Other operations ENT
Upper lip frenulum correction
The upper lip frenulum is a triangular-shaped vertical fold of mucosa, running in the midline from the inner surface of the lip to the outer surface of the alveolar process of the jaw, attached to it at a distance of 4-6 mm above the interdental papilla. Hypertrophied, low-attachment upper lip frenum can be surgically treated for orthodontic, periodontal, prosthetic and aesthetic indications.
Tongue frenulum correction
The frenulum of the tongue is a soft fibrous formation covered with mucous membrane that connects the lower surface of the teeth to the floor of the mouth in the midline, and becomes visible when the tip of the tongue is raised to the palate. A sublingual frenulum that is too short restricts lateral, forward movement of the tongue, resulting in an inability to touch the tip of the tongue to the dental arches. If the frenulum is too short, it can hinder the development of the correct sound of the sh, ¿, cz, j and r sounds. At first, appropriate exercises are recommended, which are carried out by a speech therapist. However, if this does not bring satisfactory results and the child is still unable to pronounce the sounds correctly, frenum undercutting is performed. On doctor’s orders, frenum plication can also be performed on a young child.
DCR
Obstruction tear duct
In order to moisten and clean the eyeballs, the lacrimal gland located in the lateral part of the upper eyelid constantly produces tears. These tears flow through the eye to the medial part. Here they are collected by the lacrimal tubules (upper and lower). The tubules open into the lacrimal sac, from the sac through the nasolacrimal duct they flow into the nasal cavity. In this way, proper cleanliness of the eyes is maintained. The presence of the eye-nose connection is felt during crying. Blockage of the tear ducts is most common in women, and is spontaneous, but can also be post-traumatic or following nasal surgery. The site of the most common blockage (85% of cases) is the passage of the tear sac into the nasolacrimal duct. Often deposits, stones form at this site. Eye disorders, bacterial and viral infections, fungal and parasitic infections contribute to tear duct obstruction. Inflammation, excessive use of eye drops or nasal sprays, injuries to the lateral nasal bones, foreign bodies, nasal polyps, sinus disease, and malignant or benign tumors are also factors that cause obstruction. If there is blockage of the tear duct, tears do not drain and excessive tearing occurs, and a mucous-ropid discharge accumulates in the corner of the eye.
How the procedure for restoring patency of the tear ducts proceeds
The goal of the procedure is to restore patency of the tear ducts. It is performed endoscopically, with access through the nose. Before the procedure, the patient receives anesthesia or local anesthesia. In order to reach the tear ducts, the ENT surgeon incises the nasal mucosa over a length of 5 mm. He then inserts silicone drains into the tear ducts, which will remain there for 3-4 weeks to facilitate the healing process and prevent adhesions (due to their small size, they will not be felt by the patient). Removal of the drains is done in the office and is painless. The patient comes in for 3 follow-up visits: one week, one month and three months after the procedure.
Parotid gland surgery/. submandibular salivary gland
The parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands are salivary glands that produce saliva, which contains ptialin, an enzyme that breaks down starch and dextrins into maltose. The mucin in saliva makes food bites slippery, while lysozyme and immunoglobulin A protect the mucosa from infection. Diseases of the salivary glands are inflammations, lithiasis, salivary gland tumors. Inflammations are divided into acute and chronic. The causes of acute inflammations are: bacteria, viruses or immunological disorders. Among viral inflammations, the most commonly mentioned are acute parotitis, commonly known as mumps, and parotitis caused by cytomegalovirus. Bacterial inflammation is most often caused by staphylococci and streptococci, often due to tooth decay or lack of oral hygiene. Chronic inflammation can manifest as a hardening inflammation of the submandibular salivary gland, called Kutner’s tumor. This condition often requires removal of the submandibular salivary gland in its entirety. In addition, adults have Sjögren’s syndrome, known as dryness syndrome (dry mouth or dryness syndrome of the upper respiratory tract mucosa, decreased tear production and localized bilateral swelling of the salivary glands).
Salivary gland surgery
- Salivary gland stones - account for the majority of complaints of the submandibular salivary gland and are manifested by sudden, painful swelling of the gland, often with an elevated temperature, as well as increased swelling of the salivary gland during meals. Treatment consists of attempting to remove the stone from the salivary gland duct or removing the gland with the concomitant use of antibiotics.
- Tumors of the salivary glands - occur mainly in the parotid gland, less frequently in the submandibular gland. Benign tumors predominate and are characterized by slow long-term non-painful growth. Malignant tumors grow rapidly, causing pain and facial nerve paralysis with disruption of facial symmetry. Because some benign salivary gland neoplasms are prone to malignant transformation in both cases, a thorough ENT diagnosis, which includes ultrasound and fine needle biopsy, is essential. The treatment of choice for salivary gland tumors is surgery.
Need consultation ?
Call us or write
